Optimal and Resilient Coordination of Virtual Batteries in Distribution Feeders

This paper presents a novel hierarchical framework for real-time, network-admissible coordination of responsive grid resources aggregated into virtual batteries (VBs). In this context, VB represents local aggregation directly controlled loads, such as smart inverters, electric water heaters, and air-conditioners. The is achieved by solving an optimization problem to disaggregate feeder's desired reference trajectory constraint-aware set-points the VBs. Specifically, novel, provably-tight, convex relaxation AC optimal power flow (OPF) presented optimally dispatch VBs track trajectory. additionto scheme, corrective control scheme designed, whichis based on proportional-integral (PI) with anti-windup, reject intra-feeder inter-feeder disturbances that arise during operation system. Simulation results conducted modified IEEE test system demonstrate effectiveness proposed multi-layer framework.